Slab and the like for constructional purposes



Jan. 30, 1923.

H. SCHMIDT SLAB AND THE L KE FOR CoNsTRucT @NAL PURPOSES.

4 SHEETS-SHEET l FILED MAR 7 1921 Jam., 30, 1923. l v 1,443,385

H. SCHMIDT, i SLAB AND THE LIKE FOR CONSTRUCIIQNAL PURPOSES.

- FILED MAR. 7. www 4 SHEETS-SHEET 3 I I I 'g. 9- 6 l Y l 1 i? c' f/g, F/g 77 Jan, 3o, 1923. l 11,443,335

H, SCHMlDT SLAB AND THE LIKE Fore CoNsrRucTloNAL PURPOSES.

FILED MAR. 7 1921 4 SHEETS-SHEET 4 l l e 4 i@ Z6" l a .l er A Fatented Jan, 30, 1923.

Unir errd Hnrnnrcir scr-Intron, or MALAGA, srnnv. v

nasse SLAB AND THE LKE FOR CONSTBUCTIONAL PURPOSES.`

Application filed March 7, 1921. vSerial No. 450,507.

To all @0.7mm t may concern; i Be it known that I, HEINRICH SCHMIDT, a citizen of Jugo-Slavia, residing at No. 1 Calle `deDon Juan, ltlalaga, Spain, have k invented certain new and useful Improvements in and Relating to Slabs and the like for Constructional Purposes (for which l have filed application in Spain, March 22, 1919), of which the following is a specification.

rlhis invention relates tohollow blocks or slabs made of -reinforced concrete or other material and its object is to construct them to be particularly advantageous l5 when compared to similar materials as have hitherto been proposed, for any use whatever. l time yit has `been tried to construct Walls, balconies, etc., which shall have at the same time a high resistance and a small weight. `l\umerous experiments have been, made in that direction without any results, because the various improvements which have been proposed were either too expensive or the weight used too great, or the resistance of the materials too small. p e y According to the present invention a block for constructions in reinforced concrete or similar material is obtained which forms in itself a pavement having all properties of strength and lightness whichfare required `,andcapable of being placed in position in asimple manner without any complicated installationv beingr required.

to the present invention are shown by way of examplein the accompanying drawings in which:v i f.

yliligure '1. shows the inside of ablock `or slab for constructions, provided with projections which form reinforcements curved in the formxof an arc. of a circle..

Figure 2` isa section. along A--A of Figure 1 `which shows` the curved shape of the reinforced. extensions of metallic rods, and yof another metallic reinforcement for the surface. ,i u

Figure 3 is a vertical section showing the Aarrangement ofthe slabs and of the reinforcement. ,i f f Figure et4 shows'diagrammatically a wall `with ,the various blocks and their reinforcements in all directions withftheir connection .with the` slabs,

y Figure -5 is a vertical section :through the It is a known fact that for a long" `Various modes of construction according Figure 9 is a section along the`line`GD i of Figure 10,

Figure 10 is a plan view insideand outside a roofing constructed asshown in Figure 8, l y

`Figure 11 is a vertical sectionthrough a` hollow wall constructed with slabs according to the present invention, y i

, Figure'l shows the respective positions of the various blocks of thearmature of the concrete` supplementary rods and of transverse members,l n Y Figure 13 is `a longitudinal section through a hollow wall of the same kind, Figure let is a section made inone half` yof a block used for the construction of a wall, c Y Figures 15 and 16 are sectionsalong the linesiN-O and E-F of Figure 17 Figure 17 is an elevation on line D1-D1 of Fig. loof a hollow wall constructed by means of slabs, i i

Figure 18 is a section through the lower half-block, y

` Figure 19is a section along the line (ir-H of Figure Q0 of a pavement for aplatform or l' terrace made of slabs combined with cement blocks ot particular shape1 F igure` 2() is a horizontal section along H kthe line J-l in 'Figure Figure 21 is a half block` consideredsepa-` rately, and i Figure 22 is afbloclr of` cement serving to'fill the intersticesr shown inthe drawings, Aeach block of,`

construction, that is ,each sla-b1` is composed of two; equal halves (see Figure 3')V arranged above each other in `such a vmanner as to form one wholeihav'ing two iat external su-rfaces and 7 yat the upperand; lower part.v The Contact surfaces of thetwo'half blocks,l form an undulated line 8 which commences'attheend 9 and extends towards the inside part 10 so as to forni projection 11 at einactly` the middlepart in such a manner as to obtain'an Nl which is Widely open (see Figure 3), the legs of the being l inclined towards the outside.

Owing to the saidparticular shape of the lateral Walls of-'the blocks7 an interval `oi' channel is formed between thelatter having` a characteristic transverse section With 'tivo recesses in its middle. The said mode of construction is very practica-l. If necessary, the distance between each of the blocks, or vin other Words the thickness of the reinforcement 5, may be. increased a little but by doing so -it should be kept in mind that the strength of the girder or of tlieivallifng depends on the strength of the reinforcement anden the distance that separates the varions blocks.. As shown inV the drawing, the various blocks have a rectangular shape and are made of concrete with a' metallic reinforcement. The reinforcement consists (see erable free space yin its middle. By placing afterwards such blocks neXtito eachother orl abovev each other an arrangement is obtained as shown in Figures --ivhicli has on the inside a perfect cavity 19 having` the shape of a calotte. The extensions 9 which are designed to receive `the -ivire armature 18 are arranged in such a ina-nner as to coincide with the siibjacent half slab.

are .covered by the subjacent lateral faces 11 as seen 5 and it may be filled ifnecessary with cement mortar reinforced With metallic Wire. n

Ac Wall constructed as described above is particularly suitable for hot countries, in view of the fact that the hollow spaces eX- isting` between the variousblocks form 4a pseriesof Ventilating channels which prevent an' excessive' heatingof' the' Whole arrange nient. Moreover asthe upper layer of half blocks has only a reduced Contact surface with the lower layer2 the transmission of a "rise of temperature from one layer to the other 'willi be 'less rapidly' effected than in therese ivlienfthetwo blocks forni one' mono- Ylith only.' Besides the differences mentioned above'. the facility-ivithkvvhich'the new con1r .structi'on'alstione vcan be .placed iiizposition for the 1 construction of roongs 'orf girders,

vshould i beziiienti onedjsince according to `Jche inode of' 'construction described above `it is Four small intermediate spaces are thus formed which ifiaaese possible to obtain a high precision Without any great ditliculty. It is possible to obtain in a very simple -nninner-a transparent-'or glass rooting in which it is lenough to fill the Ajointsitof the framing with cement by making the reinforced blocks of glass. advantage-of rthe new blocks of construction, their resistance and their being non-combustible 'should' be mentioned which qualities ensure their iiidestructibility. y They have in the average a side ofGO centimeters by 2 to 7 centimeters thickness.

1 rlhe slabs illustrated in vFigure 8 arepdifferent from those described above only in this that the supporting,` girders 5 made of reinforced concrete are provided also with an inner reinforcement, made of ordinary constructional Wood. l-loivever7 the said reinforcements are utilized for secondary girders only without the load being modified at all as shown clearly in the figure. v

v'The plan view ancording` to Figure 1() ex plains 'the relative position of the said wooden annexes in the whole of the construe tion.

y"The upper surface-6 of the slabsvis plane;

it. is that surface that constitutes the. pavement surface of Ithe dwellings. f The 'two halves fthe'blocks of construction have not been superposed.k It is also possible to construct a flat roofing* `The inside faceof the latter has recesses'l which can be covered by a ceiling?J as shown in the ligure.

lnstead o-fsupporting the slabs on` transverse members made of wood7 metallic supports of lattice Work may be used The mode of construction shown in- Figures 8 1() can of course be applied to *the construction of the transparent roofings or glass rooings above mentioned. y

. Another mode of construction of the Wall is shown in 'Figures il-14. 'As shown in Figure 1dthe'arrangement of the blocks is vdifferent from the form which has bc-.en'pre- `vionsly described, in this that the flatsurfaces-Gand have been extended in suoli a' manner 'that closed cavities 24 are formed between the various blocks which cavities can befilled with cement, reinforced if necessary, in such a mannervv as to form ai kind of secondary,support 25. 'After the 1 placing;` in position' of thefirst rorv of blocks atransverse cliaiinellf Lis formed; between .the latter and the seconc 'nich channel lis filled iritncement mortar'like the'otlier hollow space I., lastly?Y the narrow groove of upper face is also cemented. The slabs :or blocks may.' receive various sha-pes Hand dimensions. 'lf they -a-re' in ltended for hollow ivalls they ivill'liavec4` for i vinstance @thickness of: 6 centimetersj 'and a lside"0.11"" centimeters. fTheir, diameter'vill have accordingly an average of G to`725`- centimeters.V tlilhen the 'blocks are intendedfor the I'construction of walls of considerable' s a last e iso height and strongly loaded, each of them will be advantageously reinforced with a metallic piece 26. The number and the kind of parts of which each separate reinforce- `ment is composed will be chosen according to the particular requirements of each case; it 1s also possible, as shownin Figure 7, to

use a metallic trellis as a reinforcement.

block,v the lower side of the flat surface hav-` ing a recess 26 (see Figure 16). All the blocks are traversed by a reinforcing wire 27 the ends of which are connected to the secondary iron girder.

' Another use of the blocks is illustrated in Figures 1922- The slabs (Figure 21) which serve here for assembling the wall are the same as those shown in Figures 1 and 2. Afterplacing the lower half layer of blocks 29, the hollow, spaces are filled with cement.

rllhese small hollow blocks of cement 26 (see Fig. 22) are afterwards superposed and are connected to the slabs and to each other by means of a reinforcement consisting of a metallic trellis, iron for instance, connectedy in its turn to `the secondary support. The recesses 27 and 28 are filled with cement mortar. The layer of blocks 26 .is covered with the upper half-layer BO'of the blocks or sla bs whereby the structure is given a greater It is possible in this manner to` construct the pave- Lment of a platform or terrace illustrated in Figure 19. Thev apparent` interstices and the upper endof the `support are then cemented in their turn` after the iron wires of the reinforcement have Thesaid interposing ordistance blocks have a rectangular shape and are provided at been tensioned.

their middle with a suitable recess 31. The

`narrow sides are provided with grooves 32 which can serve if necessary, as Ventilating channels.

The use of blocks various heights is to be recommended so as to obtain an inclined fioor with a view to eliminating any deposits.

l/Vliat I claim is 1. For constructional purposes a reinforced hollow block or slab comprising a rectangular' base, side walls for same and `cross ribs forming a hollow or recessedbloch in combination with reinforcements within said walls and curved reinforcements in the ribs that cross each other.

2. A hollow kblock as claimed in claim 1 in combination with a metallic trellis reinforcement within the base portion.

3. A hollow block as claimed in'claim 1, the material being comprised of glass in combination with a metallic trellis reinforcement within the base portion.

` 4l. Hollow reinforced blocks according to claim l, in combinationwith metallic trellis reinforcement within the base portion of the blocks, said blocks being superposed to form a hollow construction flat on both surfaces, the interior providing Ventilating spaces or channels which prevent the transmission of heat. i

5k. A structure comprising hollow reinforced blocls according to claiml l, metallic reinforcements within the base portion of the blocks7 said blocks being superposed to form a hollowconstruction flat on both surfaces,

the interior providing Ventilating spaces in.

combination with small hollow blocks of rectangular shape that areinterposed be- In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

kHEINRICH soHMmT. 

